extraordinary humans muscles transcript

CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai, China, 2022.7.1; daily courier grants pass classifieds rentals; Tweet; Share +1; Below are 10 people from around the world with superhuman abilities that will blow your mind. She has Spinal Muscle Atrophy, a condition that causes her muscles to wither away. S1 E10: National Geographic investigates the science of muscle by taking a journey inside the bodies of two remarkable humans with startling muscular disorders. extraordinary humans muscles transcript mansion airbnb virginia Each circle represents an individual sample colored according to species. RNA-sequencing; RT, evolutionary lineages, as well as the lineage connecting the common ancestor of humans and chimpanzees with macaques (macaq. (c) Pulling strength of humans, chimpanzees, and macaques normalized by individual body weight. Find helpful customer reviews and review ratings for Extraordinary Humans: Muscles & Skin at Amazon.com. In the pathway-based analysis (i) we tested both the overrepresentation of pathway enzymes with a corresponding expression profile, as well as pathway enzymes with a corresponding expression profile directly linked to the pathway metabolites with species-specific concentration profile or belonging to a tissue-specific cluster. PCA plots based on normalized intensities of all metabolite peaks detected in the three datasets separately. Outliers were identified based on PCA plots and included nine samples in the [+]LC-MS and []LC-MS datasets. For each module, metabolites, pathways and enzymes are listed. Numbers of KEGG pathways containing significant overrepresentation of metabolites with species-specific concentration profiles in different tissues. Empty symbols represent trials measured using the apparatus built in the Leipzig primate center, filled symbols those measured using the apparatus built in Shanghai. The extent of metabolic changes induced by environmental perturbation was, however, limited and constituted less than 3% of all human-specific metabolic changes identified in our study. The splenius capitis and splenius cervicis, which are located in the back of the neck, work to rotate the head. Fashion Supplies For Pets extraordinary humans muscles transcript The complexity of titin splicing pattern in human adult skeletal muscles a branch of psychology concerned with Back in 2011, we got one of the best food documentaries. When a person sick by flu sneezes or coughs, more than Watch Human Body Collection Season 1 Episode 8 - Extraordinary - Yidio The control samples listed in this Table represent macaques kept in the same conditions as all other macaques used in main experiment, and are age-matched with condition 1 and condition 2 individuals. Rotation is one of the most-important actions of the cervical (neck) spine. capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry; FDR, 4.5M views 11 years ago NGC investigates the science of muscle by taking us on a journey inside the bodies of two remarkable humans with startling genetic conditions. The PFC samples were dissected from the anterior part of the superior frontal gyrus, a cortical region approximately corresponding to Brodmann area 10. Based on the gene expression measurements of the 120 tissue samples we searched for genes showing expression profiles specific to a particular tissue and specific to a particular species in a given tissue. In all tissues the correlations between concentration profiles measured by different technologies is significantly higher than expected by chance (Wilcoxon test, p<0.001). Gospe et al. The strength of the pull was registered by an electronic scale placed on the shelf and attached to a rope connecting the handle and the weight. Extraordinary Humans: Muscles - YouTube We thank the personnel of the Suzhou Animal Research Center and particularly Changgen Lian, Su Jin, and Bijia Jiang for help with macaque strength experiments; the personnel of the Shanghai Weiyu junior middle school and particularly Dongping Wang for help with human teenager strength experiments; Guo Song for help in climber recruitment; Jing Jin, He Zhisong, Hindrike Bammann, Hu Haiyang, Li Qian, Yunxian Huang, and Yoann Portugal for technical help in the muscle strength experiments; Mikhail Gelfand, Michael Lachmann, and Mehmet Somel for helpful discussions; and Jerome Boyd-Kirkup for help in manuscript preparation. Chimpanzee tests were performed at the Wolfgang Khler Primate Research Center of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig Zoo, Germany. After 10 min of centrifugation, the supernatant was collected and dried in a speed vacuum. Among them, 1,535 could be annotated using metabolite standards or computationally matching the metabolite features to metabolite database entries. While the molecular mechanism linking metabolic divergence with changes in muscular strength on the human evolutionary lineage cannot be determined based on our observations alone, we hypothesize that metabolic evolution of human muscle and brain metabolomes may have occurred in parallel. KEGG pathways with significant overrepresentation of metabolites in 13 metabolite peak clusters, obtained by grouping metabolite peaks according to their concentration profiles across tissues. Many of these people do activities previously thought impossible for people in their condition. Why do mosquitoes bite some people and not others? National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; PCA, Extraordinary diversity of transcription among Skeletal Muscle Tissues (SMTs) SMTs comprise the largest tissues (by weight) in the pig body (30-70% of porcine carcass weight 36) (Supplementary Fig.. Any discussion about muscle and muscle performance would not be adequate if we didn't mention something about nutrition, but rather than have a whole discussion about nutrition, cause there's lots of information about that online, for instance, if you want to gain muscle that you need to have a calorie surplus of about 10 to 15%. Table includes concentration levels of 4,698 metabolite peaks depicted in Figure 3c in the same order (from left to right) as the primate samples shown in the Figure. According to the legend, the conflict broke out in 1325 after a group of Modenese soldiers dashed into the rival town of Bologna. Thus, knowledge of metabolite concentration changes specific to human tissues may be instrumental to understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying evolution of the human phenotype. Yes https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001871.s005. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001871.s032. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001871.s034. Among them, 13 clusters were sufficiently large, i.e., cumulatively contained more than 90% of all clustered peaks, and were used in further analysis. Human-specific metabolic divergence in the V1 cortical region and kidney was similar to chimpanzee-specific divergence in these tissues and could be predicted from regression fit of metabolic divergence based on phylogenetic divergence times of the three nonhuman species (Figure 3a). In order to verify that the RNAseq read depth was sufficient to detect most expressed transcripts, one specific tissue (mouse FDB) was randomly down-sampled as previously described (Li et al., 2015) to generate six different sequencing depths (200, 100, 50, 10, 5, and 1 million reads).These reads were aligned to the mouse genome and transcriptome using RUM (Grant et al., 2011), and uniquely . National Geographic explores the science of skin by taking us inside the bodies of two extraordinary humans living with puzzling genetic conditions. By combining metabolite concentration and gene expression measurements, we showed that pathways containing excess of tissue-specific metabolic profiles also showed significant over-representation of corresponding tissue-specific gene expression profiles in all 13 metabolite clusters (permutation p<0.05, Figure 2c). The transcripts used in principle component calculation were detected in at least one tissue of one species above the 5% quintile of all detected transcripts. As a result, his muscles flex out of his control, and his body twists into unusual positions. How much do you know about the rich history of the engagement ring? Specifically, the test macaques were placed indoors in solitary standard size cages with no dietary change (stress and exercise factors: condition 1, n=6) or with an additional dietary change to a cooked diet with high sugar and fat content (stress, exercise, and diet factors: condition 2, n=6) for a 1-month period (Table S2). Human body | Organs, Systems, Structure, Diagram, & Facts | Britannica garbage disposals is something normal. Numbers and borderlines of different shades of gray indicate metabolite groups showing correlated concentration profiles across multiple pathways. YEAR: 2010 | LENGTH: 4 parts (46 minutes each) | SOURCE:NATGEO. And the action of the muscles and the folds around that, when air goes through the larynx, we make things like the voice, like the words that I'm saying now. But how do our muscles work? In the t-test used to identify species-specific peak concentration levels in these tissues, all samples of the composite tissues were used. Proportions of gene expression change on the primate evolutionary lineages based on 17,913 transcripts present in all three species. And are there conditions that cause our muscles to stop working? Exceptional Evolutionary Divergence of Human Muscle and Brain - PLOS Movie demonstrating the experimental setup for the measurements of muscle strength of macaque monkeys. Do Schools Kill Creativity by Sir Ken Robinson (Transcript) Together, the sternocleidomastoid muscles on both sides of the neck act to flex the neck and raise the sternum to assist in forced inhalation. PDF Incredible Human Machine Video Worksheet - psd1.org Our results indicate that the reallocation of energy to energetically costly human brains may have required further decrease in energy expense in the skeletal muscle, at least during peak performance. Metabolites directly linked to the enzymes with a human-specific expression profile in these tissues are indicated by darker shades of red and blue. (a) Functional units of KEGG pathways containing significant excesses of metabolites with human-specific concentration profiles in PFC and skeletal muscle. Second, we show that metabolite concentrations are largely buffered against environmental changes, such as temporary change in diet, physical activity, and living conditions. After 3-end adenylation of these products, Illumina Single-End Sequencing adapters were ligated to the blunt ends of the cDNA fragments. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001871.s021. What is the name of the disease that Jason Dunn has? Are Jason's muscles normal in structure and in function? The total number of peaks in the dataset is indicated next to the dataset name, percentages of peaks in each category are shown in brackets. Transcripts are generated using a combination of speech recognition software and human transcribers, and may . Silhouette value was used to choose the best clustering. Further, 80% of peaks showed significant concentration differences among the four species and 61% among primates (permutation p<0.01, FDR<2%), indicating large scope and potential functional importance of metabolome divergence among species. Smooth muscle is under involuntary control and is found in the walls of blood vessels and of structures such as the urinary bladder, the intestines, and the stomach. Up to three of the best results per individual are shown. Among reads that mapped to an exon and exon junction, those with higher scores were kept. In this test humans showed substantially inferior performance compared with chimpanzees and macaques, with an average strength difference of almost 2-fold (Wilcoxon test, p<0.001, Figure 4c, Table S20). The average concentration profile of all peaks within a cluster is traced with colored lines. The erector spinae muscles (iliocostalis, longissimus, and spinalis) are large, deep muscles that extend the length of the back. The modules (metabolite groups) are listed in the order depicted in Figure S10. extraordinary meaning: 1. very unusual, special, unexpected, or strange: 2. a special meeting that happens between. RT outside of the range of 0.75 min of the RTs of any of the used internal standards (IS) RTs or, if the peak shares the same mass with any of the IS, outside of the range of 1.5 of the RT of this IS. The lineages are abbreviated as: the human evolutionary lineage (human), the chimpanzee evolutionary lineage (chimp. extraordinary humans muscles transcript - thepetrunway.com Please check the corresponding audio before quoting in print. These samples were analyzed separately, as well as combined with the main sample group in the metabolite concentration analysis. Each enclosure hosted a group of approximately 20 individuals and contained multiple objects used for climbing. Thanks for watching, please subscribe for more videos.NGC investigates the science of muscle by taking us on a journey inside the bodies of two remarkable hu. These metabolic changes could not be attributed to environmental conditions and were confirmed against the expression of their corresponding enzymes. Transcripts are generated using a combination of speech recognition software and human transcribers, and may contain errors. Donec gravida mi a condimentum rutrum. Thank you and soon you will hear from one of our Attorneys. "The Strength of Great Apes and the Speed of Humans." Neuroplasticity: How Experience Changes the Brain - Verywell Mind Whether it's telepathy, flight, psychokinesis, shapeshifting, superhuman strength, or some other super-cool power, at one point, we all wished we had some extraordinary power that would make us special from other people. Clustering of species-specific metabolites and KEGG pathways in skeletal muscle. The obtained m/z values were then searched against the HMDB database [29] for annotation of the [+]LC-MS and []LC-MS datasets. Episode 3 Muscles Fri, Jun 11, 2010 60 mins Profiling a 31-year-old with dystonia, a rare movement disorder that causes involuntary contractions of muscles. $21.63 $ 21. To facilitate functional analysis of metabolites showing species-specific concentration profiles in different tissues and KEGG pathways with significant overrepresentation of these metabolites, we grouped pathways according to shared metabolites into functional units. Missing sessions are marked in gray, the best result of each individual is marked in green. In this video we learned about two different types of diseases people have that effect their muscles. Which statement is true regarding neurons? Variation in fiber-type composition observed among chimpanzees was, however, indistinguishable from that observed among humans [19]. Pooled samples were measured after every 40th sample, providing us information on system performance (sensitivity and retention time consistency), sample reproducibility, and compound stability over the time of the MS-based analysis. Similarly, significant agreement between metabolite concentration and enzyme expression profiles was seen on the macaque evolutionary lineage for tissues containing large numbers of macaque-specific metabolic changes: V1, kidney, cerebral cortex, whole brain, and skeletal muscle. a The previously reported classes of isoforms differ from each other by the inclusion/exclusion of exons 48 (included only in Novex3 isoform) and 49 (included in all the other isoforms except the long skeletal muscle N2A-isoform). The colors show positive (red) and negative (blue) concentration differences from the mean expression level. How it's possible for an ordinary person to lift a car - BBC montecito journal media group, sensation de bulle dans le haut du ventre, united methodist church pastors directory, who are the actors in the new verizon commercial, how much does an emissions test cost in wisconsin, legislative district 3 includes snowflake arizona, actions speak louder than words quest bugged. And can they find a way to lower the symptoms? https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001871.s004. He made a Hurricane costume to wear. half a million virus particles can spread to those that are close to the Whereas normally to flex or extend there is one muscle that contracts and one that relaxes, of the nervous system are responsible for the misinformation that is delivered. Maximal pulling strength normalized to an individual's body weight is shown in the last column. Box 4666, Ventura, CA 93007 Request a Quote: taurus 1911 45 acp extended magazine CSDA Santa Barbara County Chapter's General Contractor of the Year 2014! To test the reliability of metabolite measurements further, a subset of samples from four individuals per species per tissue was measured using capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (CE-MS) as an alternative procedure. The preliminary transcript map of a human skeletal muscle Extraordinary Humans: Muscles Dystonia 1. As a result, his muscles flex out of his control, and his body twists into unusual positions. In this dataset we detected expression of 17,913 protein-coding genes that could be mapped among primate species (16,398 between primates and mouse), with 3,820 (3,720) of them linked to metabolites based on the Human Metabolome Database Version 3.0 (HMDB) annotation (Figure S6). For all teenagers participating in this study, we obtained written consent from their parents in addition to the subjects' assent. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Here, we bring together information on the alterations in the rates of synthesis and degradation of human muscle protein by different types of exercise and the influences of . The second is that it's put us in a place where we have no idea what's going to happen, in terms of the future. The engagement ring hasnt always been what it is today. The results suggest that, while humans are characterized by superior cognition, their muscular performance might be markedly inferior to that of chimpanzees and macaque monkeys. Watch Human Body Collection - Extraordinary Humans: Muscles (s1 e7) Online - Watch online anytime: Buy, Rent. The Table shows: (1) all pathways; (2) pathways that contain at least one enzyme showing species-specific expression pattern that matches the concentration profile of the pathway metabolites; (3) pathways in which metabolites and enzymes with matching species-specific concentration and expression profiles are directly linked in KEGG annotation; (4) pathways showing significant overrepresentation of enzymes with matching species-specific expression profiles either directly or indirectly linked with pathway metabolites. 3-year-old Liam Hoekstra makes a very strong impression Ami Ankileweitz has Spinal Muscle Atrophy, a genetic disorder that has caused his muscles to wither away. signs of insecure coworkers grafana dashboard json environment variables. extraordinary humans muscles transcript. Extraordinary Humans: Muscles | Kterrl's Favorites Guinness World Records. The plot is organized as in Figure S10, the metabolite groups are listed in Table S15. extraordinary humans muscles transcriptvroid eyelash texture Extraordinary Humans: Muscles - YouTube ANOVA was performed on all samples and on the samples of primates only (primate test). 31-year old Jason Dunn lives with Dystonia, a rare disease that causes his brain to send faulty messages to his muscular system. By contrast, all tested nonhuman primates were raised in captivity and were never subjected to physical training. Ami Ankileweitz has Spinal Muscle Atrophy, a condition that has caused his muscles to wither away.Read more: http://channel.nationalgeographic.com/series/extraordinary-humans/4923/Overview#ixzz1IBm1P14e

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